Section 105 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 grants the PCAOB broad investigative and disciplinary authority over registered public accounting firms and persons associated with such firms. To implement this authority, Section 105(a) directs the Board to establish, by rule, fair procedures for the investigation and discipline of registered public accounting firms and associated persons of such firms. As directed by the Act, the Board adopted rules relating to investigations and adjudications on Sept. 29, 2003. The Securities and Exchange Commission approved the rules on May 14, 2004.

Investigations and Adjudications
Under the adopted rules, the Board and its staff may conduct investigations concerning any acts or practices, or omissions to act, by registered public accounting firms and persons associated with such firms, or both, that may violate any provision of the Act, the rules of the Board, the provisions of the securities laws relating to the preparation and issuance of audit reports and the obligations and liabilities of accountants with respect thereto,  including the rules of the Commission issued under the Act, or professional standards. The Board’s rules require registered public accounting firms and their associated persons to cooperate with Board investigations, including producing documents and providing testimony.  The rules also permit the Board to seek information from other persons, including clients of registered firms.

When violations are detected, the Board will provide an opportunity for a hearing, and in appropriate cases, impose sanctions designed to deter a possible recurrence and to enhance the quality and reliability of future audits. The sanctions may be as severe as revoking a firm’s registration or barring a person from participating in audits of public companies. Lesser sanctions include monetary penalties and requirements for remedial measures, such as training, new quality control procedures, and the appointment of an independent monitor.